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5.
Rev Esp Anestesiol Reanim ; 50(1): 17-22, 2003 Jan.
Artigo em Espanhol | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-12701260

RESUMO

OBJECTIVES: To compare the intraoperative hemodynamic effects and ephedrine requirements in elderly patients undergoing orthopedic surgery under subarachnoid anesthesia with hyperbaric bupivacaine with or without fentanyl. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Sixty patients over 75 years of age and scheduled for semi-urgent surgical repair of a fractured femur were randomized to two groups. Group F received subarachnoid surgery with 5 mg of bupivacaine and 15 micrograms of fentanyl. Group B received 7.5 mg bupivacaine. We recorded blood pressure, heart rate and oxygen saturation every 5 minutes and extension of anesthesia. Hemodynamic changes and ephedrine required by each patient were analyzed, along with side effects. RESULTS: Group F patients were more hemodynamically stable 10 and 20 minutes after infusion of the anesthetic, and more hypotensive episodes occurred in group B. Group B consumed significantly more ephedrine (p < 0.05), administered to 22 patients in group B and 6 in group F. The total dose of ephedrine administered was greater in group B (190 mg) than in group F (40 mg). The extension of anesthetic block was sufficient for surgery in all cases. No side effects from fentanyl administration were observed. CONCLUSION: Adding fentanyl to the local anesthetic used for subarachnoid anesthesia in elderly patients is effective for maintaining greater hemodynamic stability, allowing use of a lower dose of hyperbaric bupivacaine and reducing the need for intravenous ephedrine during surgery.


Assuntos
Raquianestesia , Anestésicos Combinados/administração & dosagem , Anestésicos Intravenosos/administração & dosagem , Anestésicos Locais/administração & dosagem , Bupivacaína/administração & dosagem , Fentanila/administração & dosagem , Hemodinâmica/efeitos dos fármacos , Procedimentos Ortopédicos , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Anestésicos Combinados/farmacologia , Anestésicos Intravenosos/farmacologia , Anestésicos Locais/farmacologia , Feminino , Humanos , Período Intraoperatório , Masculino
7.
Rev. esp. anestesiol. reanim ; 50(1): 17-22, ene. 2003.
Artigo em Es | IBECS | ID: ibc-22419

RESUMO

OBJETIVOS: Comparar los efectos hemodinámicos y necesidades de efedrina intraoperatoria en la anestesia subaracnoidea empleando bupivacaína hiperbara con o sin fentanilo en el paciente anciano sometido a cirugía traumatológica. MATERIAL Y MÉTODOS: Estudio prospetivo en 60 pacientes mayores de 75 años, programados para cirugía semiurgente por fractura de fémur, distribuidos aleatoriamente en dos grupos. En el grupo F se realizó anestesia subaracnoidea con 5 mg de bupivacaína y 15 µg de fentanilo; en el grupo B se administraron 7,5 mg de bupivacaína. Se registraron los valores de presión arterial, frecuencia cardíaca y saturación de oxígeno cada cinco minutos, así como el nivel anestésico alcanzado. Se analizaron los cambios hemodinámicos y las necesidades de efedrina en cada paciente, así como los efectos secundarios derivados. RESULTADOS: Los pacientes del grupo F presentaron mayor estabilidad hemodinámica a los 10 y 20 minutos de administrada la anestesia, con un mayor número de episodios hipotensivos en el grupo B. Las necesidades de efedrina fueron significativamente mayores en el grupo B (p < 0,05), en el que 22 pacientes requirieron su administración, frente a 6 pacientes del grupo F. La dosis total de efedrina administrada fue mayor en el grupo B (190 mg), frente a los 40 mg del grupo F. El nivel de bloqueo fue suficiente en todos los casos para realizar la intervención. No existieron efectos secundarios derivados del fentanilo. CONCLUSIÓN: La adición de fentanilo al anestésico local en la anestesia subaracnoidea en el paciente anciano es una técnica eficaz, que permite mantener una mayor estabilidad hemodinámica, con una reducción de la dosis de bupivacaína hiperbara y con unas menores necesidades de administración intraoperatoria de efedrina intravenosa (AU)


Assuntos
Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Masculino , Feminino , Humanos , Procedimentos Ortopédicos , Raquianestesia , Anestésicos Combinados , Anestésicos Intravenosos , Bupivacaína , Anestésicos Locais , Período Intraoperatório , Fentanila , Hemodinâmica
13.
Rev. esp. anestesiol. reanim ; 47(3): 138-138, mar. 2000.
Artigo em Es | IBECS | ID: ibc-13682

RESUMO

No disponible


Assuntos
Humanos , Capnografia , Choque
18.
Rev Esp Anestesiol Reanim ; 45(5): 184-8, 1998 May.
Artigo em Espanhol | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-9646667

RESUMO

OBJECTIVE: To compare recovery from anesthesia with desflurane and isoflurane by analyzing awakening and psychomotor function. PATIENTS AND METHODS: In this prospective study of 30 ASA I-II patients undergoing general or urologic surgery the following variables were assessed before surgery: confusion, fatigue, drowsiness, torpor and pain. The Steward and Trieger tests of psychomotor function were also applied. After induction and intubation, maintenance was with isoflurane (0.6 +/- 0.3%) or desflurane (3 +/- 1.5%) and 60% nitrous oxide with fresh gas at a rate of 1 l/min. After withdrawing the halogen and switching to an open circuit (10 l/min), we counted time until appearance of the first sign of awakening. Clinical variables and psychomotor function were assessed 5, 30, 60 and 90 min later. RESULTS: The two groups were similar anthropometrically. Duration of anesthesia and surgery were also similar. Times until awakening, eye opening, extubation and orientation were shorter in the desflurane group. Scores for fatigue (5 min), confusion (5 and 30 min), motor incoordination (5 min) and drowsiness (5 and 30 min) were also more favorable in the desflurane group. Patients receiving desflurane also scored significantly better on the Trieger test at 30 and 60 min. CONCLUSIONS: Recovery times are shorter with desflurane than with isoflurane. Clinical variables are also more favorable with desflurane and psychomotor function returns more quickly during the first hour after anesthesia.


Assuntos
Período de Recuperação da Anestesia , Anestésicos Inalatórios/farmacologia , Isoflurano/análogos & derivados , Isoflurano/farmacologia , Desempenho Psicomotor/efeitos dos fármacos , Adulto , Idoso , Desflurano , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Estudos Prospectivos
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